Fatores econômicos, habitacionais e educacionais em crianças hospitalizadas por doenças respiratórias em tempos de pandemia

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between health and disease is developed based on a series of contexts and experiences, studies correlating social factors with the occurrence of respiratory diseases. Understanding the globality inherent to the breastfeeding process makes it necessary to analyze the social determinants of health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social determinants of health with a focus on economic, housing and educational factors in children with respiratory disease. METHODOLOGY: A research carried out through a descriptive cross-sectional study, through the collection of data from internal medical records during the month of July 2020. A sample consisted of 12 inmates from HULW, with an age range of 1 to 8 years old sex. It was applied in a questionnaire model adapted from the Social Determinants of Health (DSS) developed by Dahlgren and Whitehead, it was analyzed only as variables of the educational level of the family context and of the socio-economic macrodeterminants. The data were tabulated (Microsoft Office Excel 2010) and transferred to a statistical program Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), version 20, descriptive analysis and calculation of center measures for quantitative variables. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The sample was characterized by a profile of inmates whose mother is the main caregiver 58.3%, referring to the education of the caregiver (a) complete high school showed an incidence of 41.7% with family income between one and two minimum wages. In line with housing determinants, 41.7% do not have basic sanitation in their homes. Regarding the clinical picture, 50% of the sample developed respiratory problems due to neurological impairments and were in their first hospitalization. CONCLUSION: The economic, housing and educational factors in children who needed hospital care for respiratory diseases show a relationship with the social and educational pattern.