Crescimento e fisiologia de plantas de manjericão submetidas ao estresse salino e adubação nitrogenada

Abstract

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a plant grown around the world. This plant has great economic importance, being used in the pharmaceutical and flavoring industry, in cooking, in the production of cosmetics and extraction of essential oil. Salinity is one of the factors that can affect the growth of this crop. Nitrogen fertilization is a strategy to mitigate the negative effects of salinity on plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate growth, productivity and physiology in basil plants submitted to salt stress and nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Paraíba, Campus III, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in an incomplete factorial 5x5 generated from the experimental matrix Composto Central de Box, with four replications. The factors evaluated were five electrical conductivities of irrigation water (0,50; 1,30; 3,25; 5,20 and 6.00 dS m-1) and five doses of nitrogen (0,00; 23,26; 80,00; 136,74 and 160 kg ha-1). Growth (AT, NF, DC and AF), gas exchange (A, GS, Ci and E), chlorophyll indices (a, b and total) and chlorophyll fluorescence (F0, Fm and Fv) were evaluated at 60 days after sowing. Nitrogen fertilization reduces the effects of salinity on basil plants, on the parameters of growth and physiology of basil plants.