Levantamento de casos de leishmaniose visceral canina no município de Parauapebas - PA

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the frequency and spatial distribution of cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) that occurred in the municipality of Parauapebas - PA, from January 2019 to May 2021. Canine visceral leishmaniasis is very relevant in Brazil, being caused by a protozoan, obligate intracellular parasite, heteroxen, from Leishmania genus, family Trypanosomatidae. It is a recurrent illness, endemic in character and neglected in the country, presenting high incidence and lethality. In Pará state, Brazilian north region, 289 confirmed cases of human visceral leishmaniasis were notified in 2019; of which 52 were identified in Parauapebas city, making it important to know about the infection in dogs. From the data provided by surveillance unit in zoonosis, a database was produced in order to perform this descriptive epidemiological study of canine visceral leishmaniasis cases notified in the period from 2019 to 2021.The spreadsheet has information about the animals (sex, age, breeding condition, origin place, exam result – quick test, parasitological, serological test – investigation date). Considering as positive animals presenting reagent result in the screening test and in the serological test (confirmatory), as recommended by Brazilian Ministry of Health. Suspected dogs with a positive parasitological test were also considered positive. In this period from January 2019 to May 2021, canine visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed in 57,8% (3.387 / 5.855) of the dogs evaluated in Parauapebas-PA, distributed in 97.6% (41/42) of the neighborhoods, in addition to the occurrences produced in the rural area (47 cases) and the urban center of Carajás (one case), a village located 30 km from the city. The highest frequencies of positive cases were recorded in the neighborhoods of Cidade Jardim (9,8%; 576 / 5.855), Rio Verde (4,9%; 286 / 5.855), Tropical (3,5%; 202 / 5.855) and Da Paz (3,3%; 196 / 5.855). The results obtained show a high frequency and spatial distribution of the LVC in the municipality of Parauapebas, constituting a risk for an increase in human cases. Therefore, it is necessary to invest in a disease control program, with health education actions, mapping of risk areas and combating vectors.