REMOÇÃO DE CORANTE PROVENIENTE DA INDÚSTRIA TÊXTIL UTILIZANDO ARGILA BENTONITA IN NATURA

Abstract

Bentonite clays can be used in the unitary adsorption operation with application in the treatment of industrial effluents. They are good options for obtaining effluents of acceptable quality at the end of the process, low cost and production of non-toxic substances, thus they can be used as an alternative to the most commonly used adsorbents like activated carbon and silica gel, having high cost. Effluents from textile industries, if not adequately treated, present themselves as a potential risk when released into natural waters, therefore, the importance of studying ways to treat these effluents without a high associated cost. The use of bentonite clay as an adsorbent is an alternative to minimize environmental impacts caused by this problem. In this work, the natural bentonite clay will be used as an adsorbent to remove the Quimifix Reactive Red BF-4B dye (Reactive Red 195). Natural bentonite clay, that is, without any pretreatment with the intention of making the adsorption process even cheaper. The adsorbent material was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Point of Zero Charge (PZC), its granulometry classification correspond to 200 mesh. Afactorial planning 22 with three central points was used, varying the pH (5, 7 and 9) and the concentration of the synthetic effluent (20, 50 and 80 ppm), this type of planning allows a significant study with a minimum of experiments, thus saving time, reagents and capital investment. The adsorbent obtained approximately 75% removal for the lowest level of concentration and pH. According to the literature, clays have good dye removal capacity and are a good alternative for the treatment of effluents from the textile industry.