Avaliação de competências profissionais para indústria 4.0

Abstract

Currently, the world is heading towards the beginning of a fourth industrial revolution characterized by disruptive technologies, such as robotics, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, 3D printer and the so-called internet of things. All of these technologies radically reduce the human workforce, requiring the development of specific professional competencies to adapt to all these changes in the market. This work aimed to propose an evaluation procedure to assess the professional competencies required to adopt industry 4.0 principles. For the elaboration of the evaluation procedure, relationships between professional competencies and the principles of industry 4.0 were identified and proposed, based on the literature. These relationships were then validated by specialists using the Delphi method. In addition, this evaluation procedure was applied and validated through case studies in three companies that have industry 4.0 technologies implemented or in the implementation phase. The results of Delphi presented the technical competencies as being more important for the implementation of the technologies of industry 4.0. However, the companies studied are focusing on the competencies of the social, personal and methodological categories, depending on the principle in question. Thus, there is a gap between the competencies that specialists consider most relevant for companies within the 4.0 context and the companies studied. This work brought several contributions, among which are: the identification of the main competencies required by industry 4.0, relating them to the principles for its implementation, defining a degree of importance in this relationship, the possibility of relating the challenges of industry 4.0 with the necessary competencies to face them, the possibility of grouping the competences in 4 major categories and the elaboration of a procedure that assesses the degree of development of the competencies in relation to the principles, until then not found in the literature.