A eficácia do programa nacional de assistência estudantil (PNAES) para permanência dos ingressantes do sistema de cotas na UFPB

Abstract

The quota system and student assistance are public policies implemented for the democratization of access and permanence in Brazilian public higher education. Therefore, this study had the objective of evaluating the effectiveness of the National Program of Student Assistance (PNAES) for the permanence of quota participants in the undergraduate courses of the Federal University of Paraíba, from 2012 to 2016. To achieve this goal, we developed the following specific objectives: 1. To understand the structure and design of the PNAES and the quota system for access to public higher education in Brazil; 2. To characterize the student assistance policy and the quota policy within the UFPB; 3. To verify the repercussions of the Student Assistance Policy for the permanence of quota holders in the UFPB. This work is framed by theoretical references on social policies, such as Behring (2008), the historical development path of the PNAES with Kowalski (2012), and the discussion on affirmative action for social, ethnic and cultural contributions Taylor (1998) and Rawls (2000). About the methodological procedures, we carried out a bibliographical and documentary research through an exploratory study based on the historical-dialectical method. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this public policy, we consider the categories demand / benefit, resource management, characterization of the profile of the participants with PNAES and some elements about the quality of the stay in this IFES for students, with access to PNAES and quotaholders without access to the PNAES. The research pointed out that the UFPB received the quantitative of students as established by the Quota Law, however, 35% (thirty five percent) dropped out of courses. The results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the PNAES show that the program reached its objectives regarding the quality of the permanence of the quota holders with access to student assistance, however, it did not fully reach the objectives in the categories of demand / benefit and resource management.