Flora da mata atlântica: angiospermas presentes na floresta de tabuleiro no litoral paraibano

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest has high biological diversity and endemism, besides being one of the most threatened and degraded biomes on the planet, and is therefore considered a hotspot. The semideciduous seasonal forest is the predominant forest formation type in the Atlantic Forest biome, which in the Northeast is distributed mainly over the Formação Barreiras. In the state of Paraíba, the Atlantic Forest occupies the areas of the Paraíba State Forest and the Paraíba State Agreste. The lowland semideciduous seasonal forest, known as tableland forest, is the main type of forest present in the Atlantic Forest domain in the state. According to the SOS Mata Atlântica Foundation, in the period 2020-2021, Paraíba deforested about 21 hectares of forest, leaving in 2021 approximately 11.2% (66,960 hectares) of the total potential domain in the state. In the current reality, where conservation is the subject of great debate, it is urgent to understand the plant communities that make up the Atlantic Forest biome. This study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the flora of the Atlantic Forest, organizing and publishing the list of species present in the remnants of Tableland Forest in Paraíba. The data were obtained by consulting the Flora of Brazil 2020 and the JPB Herbarium. In the Flora of Brazil 2020, 124 families, 536 genera and 684 species present in the semideciduous seasonal forest in the state of Paraíba were surveyed. In the JPB herbarium, a total of 121 families, 444 genera and 725 species were obtained. The families with the greatest representation in the JPB herbarium were Fabaceae, with 119 species, Rubiaceae with 38, Poaceae with 35, Cyperaceae with 33, and Myrtaceae with 30.