Governança pública como mecanismo para avaliação de políticas públicas e gestão municipal: uma análise dos municípios do estado da Paraíba

Abstract

In the current political, economic and social context, the relationship between State and Society has been analysed through the use of concepts and different approaches of governance, which refers to the State’s ability to implement policies designed to meet society’s demands. Governance would be the articulation mechanisms between the State and several social actors as a way to solve collective problems. It is based on the assumption that the good progress of Governance contributes to the process of formulating and implementing public policies, including at the municipal level, since they assume a new role in the development of policies; this includes greater participation of the population and interaction with local agents. Due to the contribution attributed to governance for municipal management, there is a need to evaluate it, so studies are needed to discuss the structuring of indicators to assess this governance. In light of this, the objective of this research is to investigate the forms of contribution of the utilization of a synthetic index of governance for the improvement of the process of formulation and implementation of policies and public management in the cities of the State of Paraíba. In methodological terms, it is a quantitative research, of exploratory and descriptive nature, in which the constitution and application of the Index of Assessment of Public Municipal Governance (IGovP-M) was carried out, through questionnaires with TCE’s auditors and municipal managers and gathering, weighting, classifying and analyzing the statistic data. From the literature review, it was possible to build a synthetic index composed of eighteen indicators, ten dimensions and five pillars, based on the principles of Brazilian public management. The main results reveal that the indicators Gini Coefficient and Infant Mortality were positively evaluated, whereas the indicators associated with income, social involvement, provision and the investment on basic services were more negatively evaluated. Finally, a better performance of the IGovP-M was observed in the city of Várzea and the weakest performance was observed in the cities of Damião and Aroeiras. In short, the assessment of the governance in the cities of Paraíba is still considered inefficient and low in actions that could generate the development of the area, requiring greater actions by the State and articulation with other institutional actors.