Biomoléculas carboidratos, lipídios e proteínas em coleção didática de Biologia do Ensino Médio

Abstract

Biomolecules are a class of organic molecules that include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. These substances are part of all living things, consisting of the structure, genetic code and chemical reactions. These contents are usually present in high school textbooks in the same unit and in closer chapters. The textbook is widely used as a pedagogical tool by teachers, being in many cases the only resource used. The present research aimed to understand how carbohydrates, lipids and proteins contents are proposed in the three volumes of a High School Biology didactic collection, approved by the Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2018. The content analysis technique was chosen to verify that textbooks are meeting some criteria proposed by the PNLD, such as the presence of interdisciplinarity, CTSA approach, biological literacy and correct and up-to-date information. Through the obtained results, it was possible to observe that the interdisciplinarity and the biological literacy were little explored. Some terms have been omitted and there were simplifications on some biological processes. It was also noted the condensation and fragmentation of the content, making it linear and difficult to assimilate. The most positive point found was the CTSA approach, where content was related to certain cultural and economic aspects. Topics such as the relationship of genes to the concept of race, the use of plants by indigenous people and obesity were worked through boxes. It is concluded that the didactic collection needs to reevaluate certain approaches to fit the PNLD criteria, especially interdisciplinarity, to facilitate learning.