Avaliação da toxicidade não-clínica do suco, da geleia e do iogurte de Pilosocereus gounellei (F.A.C.Weber)

Abstract

A Pilosocereus gounellei species belonging to the Cactaceae family, it has been popularly used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and anti-hyperglycemic effects. Its wide use in folk medicine justifies carrying out toxicity studies that guarantee the safety of its use. In this sense, the objective of this work is to carry out a non-clinical toxicological evaluation of three products derived from P. gounellei, based on the Guide for the conduct of non-clinical studies of toxicology and pharmacological safety and on OECDS 407 and 423. No acute toxicological test, P. gounellei juice, yogurt and jelly were tested. For this purpose, 36 approved Wistar rats were used, which received 2000mg / kg, orally, in a single dose, of each substance and were kept under observation for 14 days. In the subchronic toxicity test was used, only the juice of P. gounellei, administered orally (gavage), daily, during a period of 28 days, in a predefined period (5mLkg; 7,5mL/ kg; 10 mL/kg). During the observation periods, the animals were taken in relation to the consumption of water, feed and weight gain. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized and autopsied. Hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and anatomopathological examination was performed. In the acute toxicity, testing all animals dissipated in weight, with no change in feed intake. In the juice and jelly groups, there was a decrease in water consumption. In the juice group, there was a decrease in urea, lipase and an increase in chlorine and magnesium. In the jelly group, there was an increase in alanine aminotransferase and mean corpuscular volume. In those who received the yogurt, there was a decrease in phosphorus and magnesium, hematocrit and lymphocytes. In the chronic toxicity assay, there was a decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit in all groups of rats studied. Therefore, in relation to the acute toxicity study, it can be concluded that the juice and yoghurt of the P. gounellei jelly have low toxicity. Regarding P. gounellei jelly, it can be inferred that more studies are leveled to rule out hepatotoxicity, since it caused a slight increase in ALT and AST. Regarding the study of subchronic toxicity, it can be inferred that consumption due to P. gounellei juice in three different doses caused relevant alterations from a hematological point of view.