Fitorremediação para tratamento de água residuária utilizando alface (Lactuca sativa) e aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes)

Abstract

Water is one of the keys to the maintenance of life on earth and its misuse every day results in the search for new sources of water to supply the scarcity that some places face, but high quality springs are increasingly scarce. and to allay this need alternatives are needed and one of them is the reuse of water. Wastewater can be reused for activities that do not require it to be potable, and when they need better quality they go through various processes and one of them is the biological one to decrease the organic load. An alternative mode of treatment is the use of plants, as the number of studies investigating the use of plants for wastewater treatment is increasing. This practice is called phytoremediation. Among some species, we can highlight the aquatic ones, such as water hyacinth, which have shown promising results in water treatment due to their hyperaccumulative properties. The water used in the study was directed to kitchen sink water, which is considered difficult to treat because it contains oils and high amounts of organic load, where this work brings a comparison of these two different systems for the treatment of kitchen sink water. It uses a fully aquatic plant, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crapisses), and the other can be used in a hydroponic system, lettuce (Lactuca sativa). In this work, we can reaffirm the filtering capacity of the water hyacinth, where the results showed a 90% decrease in turbidity, and a 68.8% reduction in COD and the results for lettuce was a 92% decrease in turbidity. and COD by 66.1%. In addition to the importance of the presence of dissolved oxygen in the medium to aid water treatment.