Avaliação da aplicabilidade do Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável (IMUS) nos domínios "Tráfego e Circulação Urbana" e "Sistemas de Transporte Urbano": um estudo de caso

Abstract

People have increasingly sought out individual motorized transport, as these provide better conditions in terms of safety, comfort and agility. In addition to the benefits brought by the widespread use of automobiles, there are problems with regard to accidents, congestion and pollution. It is necessary that the displacement of people in a city takes place in a harmonious and sustainable way, that is, in a way that the demands of the present do not harm future generations from meeting their needs. Therefore, the sustainability of urban mobility must be constantly evaluated. The use of indicators is an alternative that provides accurate results and allows the formulation of an overall picture. Indicators are instruments that help to promote knowledge, compiling the information necessary to understand the particularities and problems of a given subject. There are already tools in the literature that make use of indicators and that assess aspects of urban mobility in cities. One of them is the Sustainable Urban Mobility Index (IMUS), a robust methodology that covers the main points about urban mobility through the evaluation of 87 indicators distributed in 9 domains. Thus, during 2019 and 2020, the IMUS was evaluated in the city of João Pessoa (PB) and after that the need to map the difficulties and limitations faced when calculating the indicators emerged. Therefore, the objective of the work is to identify the obstacles, inconsistencies and difficulties arising from the application of indicators in the domains "Traffic and Urban Circulation" and "Urban Transport Systems" and to present alternatives to generate improvement and more robust applicability. Inconsistencies were found in two of the nine indicators in the “Traffic and Urban Circulation” domain with regard to accident and congestion prevention. In the domain "Urban Transport Systems", barriers were identified in five of the eighteen indicators regarding the frequency of service and punctuality of public transport, the relationship between collective and individual transport, the relationship between motorized and non-motorized transport, terminals intermodal and transportation tariffs. In general, it was observed as the main difficulty the fact that most of the information depends on the database of public agencies, in addition, some indicators would need to be adapted according to the size of the city under study. Finally, with the analysis performed, it is expected to generate improvement of the tool to obtain more representative results.