ENTRE AS ARTES DE NAVEGAR E AS PUNIÇÕES: O COTIDIANO NA ESCOLA DE APRENDIZES MARINHEIRO NA PARAÍBA (1871-1942)

Abstract

This monograph aimed to discuss the relational context between the teaching of seamanship arts as a teaching modality aimed at the professionalization of national sailors and the multidisciplinary methods of punitive/repressive characteristics oriented to barracks sent to the School of Marine Apprentices in the province of Paraíba between the years 1871 to 1942, viewing how this prerogative of professional education and disciplinary violence were postulated as formative/educational guidelines for those very poor and disadvantaged who would make up the ranks of the naval armada. This array of hierarchical violence permeates the Foucautian logic of docile and control everyday actions, which are responsible for the possibility of a full homogenization of bodies that, as a result of new ideological precepts, needed to be not only separated and subjugated, but also civilized. It is prominently on this process of exchange transition between governmental systems (Monarchy and Republic) that the Company of Apprentices-Marinheiros of Paraíba will emerge on the new civilizational discourses, which will not exclude the traditional militarized culture of imposing discipline and segregationist surveillance , thus converging on an amalgamation of controlled civility. In this context of educational diffusion based on stagnant transformations, this study of a descriptive character and qualitative approach to the sources is typified by dialoguing with the field of History of Education, more specifically with references to school culture, school material culture and discussions on methods punitive and disciplinary measures in the environment of school institutions. The documentation consulted, for example, Provincial President Reports (RPP) and Official Copier Books refer to documents already transcribed and typed from the Brazilian Navy archive in Rio de Janeiro and made available to two research groups: Group of Research in the History of Education in the Northeast 19th century (GHENO/UFPB), as well as the Group of Studies and Research in History, Education and Diversity (GEPHED/UFRN). In this way, it is concluded that, despite the huge flattened views that the civilizational project granted to individuals without social and cultural projection, that is, the ordinary, the ephemeral sensation soon passed between their eyes in front of the observation of preserved and again legitimized spaces to fulfill their mission, namely: hunting, capturing and instilling the necessary minimum of basic knowledge, thus making them suitable for the use of a nation that wanted to modernize itself.