ATUALIZAÇÕES PSICANALÍTICAS SOBRE O AUTISMO: ETIOLOGIA E TRABALHO CLÍNICO

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmentaldisordercharacterizedbyimpairments in the areaof communication, social interactionandbehaviorwhichsymptoms are manifestedfromanearlyperiodofdevelopment. It isestimatedthat 50 millionpeopleworldwide are diagnosedwith ASD, according to data from the World Health Organization. Therefore, thisUndergraduateThesisaimed to answer the followingguidingquestion "WhatetiologicalhypothesesandclinicalworkmethodshavebeendescribedbyPsychoanalysis for the careofpeopleframed in the diagnosisof ASD?". For thispurpose, the Integrative Review wasused as a methodand a searchwascarried out in the SciEloandLilacsdatabaseswith the descriptors “autism” and “psychoanalysis”, accompaniedby the Booleanoperator “and”. A total of 140 articleswerefound, ofwhich 16 wereselected for the final analysis, according to the followinginclusioncriteria: scientificarticles, published in Portuguese, between the years 2012 and 2022, thatwerenotliterature review orautobiographicalreports. The analysisof the articlesindicated the prevalenceofpsychoanalytictheoriesofLacanianauthorssuch as Marie Christine Laznik, Alfredo Jerusalinsky, Rosine and Robert Lefort and Ângela Vorcaro. The mainclinicalmethodsusedwere: handlingofautisticobjects, therapeuticgroups, music, treatmentoffamilymembers, supervision, constructionofclinical cases, the practicalbetweenseveralanddrawing. It wasconcludedthat the scopeof the articlesthatmet the inclusioncriteriawasrelativelyextensive, considering the specificityof the topic. The primaryrelationshipwith the Other was the maintopicdiscussedonetiologicalhypotheses. The prevalenceofclinical models that do notnecessarilyrefer to the practicecenteredon the therapist-patientrelationshipwasalsopresentamong the articles, whichindicatesthat the clinicalworkwithpeoplewith ASD breaks down the wallsof the classicalpsychoanalytic setting.