Banco de plântulas e regeneração natural em mata atlântica na região do brejo paraibano

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest, one of the largest tropical forests on the planet, present in 15 Brazilian states, covers completely or partially all the coastal states, from Rio Grande do Sul to Rio Grande do Norte, and more the States of Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, South and Goiás. In Paraíba, about 7.31% of its territory is occupied by the Atlantic Forest, where there is a remnant area called Mata do Pau Ferro Ecological Reserve, comprising 600 ha, located in the Microregion of Brejo Paraibano, in the municipality of Areia. The objective of the study was to evaluate the establishment of seedlings in an area of the Atlantic Forest, located in the Paraíba swamp and to compare the density of species found between the plots explored in different areas, through the study of the structuring of the seedling bank. Thirteen plots measuring 10 m x 10 m were used to obtain data for the seedling bank. Within each plot, 5 fixed subplots were allocated, delimited with string and striped tape measuring 1 m x 1 m (1 m²). The plots were distributed as follows: 1, 2, 3 and 13 Mata do Pau Ferro; 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 Chã do Jardim and 9, 10 and 11 Mata do Pau dam. The classification of species in ecological groups of succession was carried out through field observations, bibliographic review and consultation with Ferro specialists. Then, density and frequency calculations were made. The uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) and cuvatã (Cupania vernalis Cambess) species, due to the high values of density and frequency, are of high importance. Species composition in the studied plots was mainly non-pioneers. The floristic composition of the seedling bank was dominated by species from the families Myrtaceae and Sapindaceae. The most abundant form of life was herbaceous, regardless of location.