Aspectos clínicos e educacionais da perda auditiva infantil: uma revisão da literatura nacional de 2018-2022

Abstract

Introduction: Hearing loss can affect the child's relationship with the environment, being one of the main causes of difficulties in interpersonal relationships, as well as in the development of oral language and, consequently, in school performance. With hearing loss, it is possible that a barrier is created between the child, social interaction and learning, and the earlier this hearing loss is identified, the better the possibilities for intervention. Objective: To discuss the clinical and educational aspects of childhood hearing loss in the national literature published between 2018 and 2022. Method: We searched for articles that brought clinical or educational data on childhood hearing loss, published between 2018 and 2022 in the database Scielo, using the keywords “hearing”, “hearing loss”, “child” and “hearing disorders”, 1Graduanda em Fonoaudiologia pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba. 2 Fonoaudiólogo. Professor Associado I do Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da UFPB. 2 combined two by two. Discussion: The studies presented contributions related to three main poles: hearing screening and prevention, intervention in oral and written language and contribution of technology in this process, the first aspect being the most discussed in the literature. Final Considerations: The analyzed studies allow the observation that, with regard to childhood hearing loss, hearing screening and early diagnosis are the most recurrent themes in the literature, while educational aspects do not receive the same attention with regard to the number of publications. With regard to the educational issue, attention is drawn to the difficulties in using the frequency modulated system to improve the quality of education for children with hearing loss.