Avaliação do projeto de desenvolvimento rural sustentável do Cariri, Seridó e Curimataú : lições aprendidas e perspectivas para o futuro da gestão ambiental no âmbito da agricultura familiar do semiárido paraibano à luz da concertação

Abstract

Climate changes already present a negative picture of impacts on the environment and on human society, becoming more serious in naturally semi-arid environments such as the present in the region of the Brazilian Northeast and North of Minas Gerais. In Agriculture in the semiarid region, these changes are felt in agricultural production and in the very survival of the population. This is compounded by the desertification scenario, which, in a synthetic way, is caused by the local anthropic action – resulting from the misuse of the natural landscape, especially with regard to poorly conducted productive activities – associated with Global Warming and prolonged periods of drought that today they are getting longer and longer. Within this worrisome scenario, an action coordinated and led by the government is essential, seeking the integration of actions that reduce the negative effects of the Climate Change, at the same time as establishing a sustainability strategy for the territory. In Paraíba, the PAE/PB was developed, an important Public Policy that culminated in the implementation of PROCASE, a state government initiative financed by IFAD whose main objective was the sustainable improvement of agricultural and non-agricultural income, productive assets, organizational and environmental practices in the most deprived and susceptible territories to desertification in the semi-arid region of Paraíba. During its execution period (2012-2021) the reality of its territory experienced significant changes. All of this was only possible through the integration of actions and pacts between the government and society, which jointly carried out this project. The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to evaluate PROCASE in the light of the concept called Public Environmental Nexus, evaluating its effectiveness, as well as presenting the lessons learned and the correction points to be taken for the continuity of sustainable rural development established in its territory. For this, we sought to conduct research on the project's existing database and promote analysis of this content from the perspective of public management and recommended methodologies for such. The results achieved showed that PROCASE was successful in its execution but warns of the void it leaves after its end if there is no continuity of actions agreed by other government entities, harming the concrete advances achieved.