Variabilidade temporal (2001-2021) da produção de banana no Município de Alagoa Grande, brejo paraibano

Abstract

The banana tree is a fruit that has adapted positively in Brazil, given the edaphoclimatic conditions that provide good plant development and fruit formation, in which it is used for various purposes, especially in food, with high nutritional value, serving as a food base for millions of people around the world. However, its cultivation is carried out mostly in a rainfed regime, which makes the production of this fruit extremely dependent on the occurrence of rainfall in adequate quantity and distribution. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the productive dynamics of banana cultivation in the municipality of Alagoa Grande, in the period 2001-2021, thus seeking to understand the factors that interact in the local performance of this productive chain. The data used were extracted from the IBGE's Municipal Agricultural Production database, using the Automatic Recovery System (SIDRA). After extraction, the data were submitted to a Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The results showed that banana cultivation in the municipality of Alagoa Grande showed a strong temporal dynamism in its productive variables, and constituted, throughout the sample period, the main permanent crop in the municipality. Still, there were strong reductions in the productive variables, which is due to the long period of drought, which began in 2012 in the Northeast region of Brazil. Finally, the harvested area, area destined for harvesting and production value contrasted with productivity, especially in 2017, showing that these variables did not positively interfere with productivity gains.