Maturação fisiológica de sementes de lophantera lactescens Ducke

Abstract

Lophantera lactescens Ducke (Malphigiaceae) is an arboreal plant, exclusively found on the Amazon region, widely distributed in South America, which is propagated by seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the maturation process of L. lactescens in order to determine the physiological maturity point. The field study was conducted at the Centro de Ciências Agrárias of Universidade Federal da Paraíba (CCA / UFPB), Campus II, in the city of Areia / PB. A total of 14 harvests of fruits were conducted biweekly, from May 16 to November 14, 2015 and from May 13 to November 11, 2016, which were started at 15 and extended up to 210 days after anthesis (DAA). Were evaluated the water content, outer color, size, dry mass, germination and seed germination speed index, as well as seedling length and the dry matter. The design was completely randomized, the data were submitted to analysis of variance and polynomial regression, as function of harvest times. There were no large variations in fruit size; The water content decreased during the maturation process, reaching at 210 days after the anthesis the value of 11% in the two years studied; The dry matter of the fruits increased during the process; The germination and vigor of the seeds increased, reaching maximum values between 190 and 210 days after the anthesis. Under the environmental conditions of Areia - PB, the physiological maturity of L. lactescens seeds is reached between 165 and 186 days after anthesis. The water content and dry matter of the fruits were the most efficient indexes to determine the harvest point and the physiological maturity of this specie.