Cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa com ferida em pé diabético: construção de instrumento

Abstract

Introduction: Among the complications related to Diabetes Mellitus (DM), diabetic foot wounds or diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) stand out as one of its most serious and costly complications, besides representing one of the most common causes of hospitalization. Diabetic foot complications (DF) have a prevalence of up to 25% and is the leading reason for hospitalization and amputation in people with diabetes.Objective: To build an instrument for hospital nursing care management for people with diabectic foot wounds. Method: This is a methodological research, conducted in three stages. In the first stage, an integrative review of the contents included in the instrument was performed, based on the following guiding question: what is the scientific evidence on nursing care for people with diabetic foot wound in hospital settings? Data collection was performed in September 2022 in the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Lilacse PubMed/MEDLINE. The Rayyan QCRI tool was used to select the articles. Moreover, the materials published by the Ministry of Health related to the theme were taken into consideration. In the second stage, the content was structured and organized based on the literature, and in the third stage the instrument was built. This study was conducted with bibliographic data and, therefore, without the need for evaluation by Research Ethics Committees. Results: The final product of this study was the instrument for the management of care to the person with diabetic foot. The construction was done according to the data obtained from the search of scientific publications and health care guidelines. The instrument addresses in its components the sociodemographic data, anamnesis and clinical data, physical examination of the diabetic foot and management. It is important to emphasize that when it comes to health content, updates are constant and fast, so it is necessary to review the content and update the professionals who may use the developed tool. Final considerations: The relevance of this study is highlighted by the possibility of contributing to clinical and scientific nursing practice and to the standardization of care for people with diabetic foot in hospital settings, through an instrument that supports the appropriate record. It is expected that the product developed will be validated as a support tool for the organization of care, seeking to share and expand the care of people with skin complications from diabetes. Finally, it is expected that this study can contribute to the academic and scientific community in the care of people with diabetes and in the direction of assistance to this public.