Leiomioma vaginal em cadela - relato de caso

Abstract

Vaginal leiomyoma is a benign neoplasm of low frequency in routine veterinary practice. Its formation is more reported in complete and advanced age bitches. Like all neoformations of the reproductive tract in female dogs, this one in particular has few reports and in-depth studies. The aim of this study was to report a case of vaginal leiomyoma in a female, mixed breed, non-neutered, 13-year-old female who was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba in Areia/PB. On clinical examination, the animal presented a very hyperemic and hyperplastic vulvar mucosa. As complementary exams, blood count and biochemistry (ALT, AF, urea, serum creatinine and albumin), ultrasonography to search for metastases and cytology by fine needle aspiration (FNAB) were performed, the result of which was inconclusive. As therapy, we opted for surgical removal of the tumor associated with ovariohysterectomy. One week after clinical care, the patient's condition worsened, with the vulva showing increased bleeding and a fetid odor. A new blood count was performed and there were no significant changes. The first surgical intervention was ovariohysterectomy, which was performed following the standards described in the literature and there were no intercurrences. Then, excision of the tumor was performed, which measured 12cm x 9cm x 7cm, with a multilobed appearance, firm, white in color, smooth and which, when cut, had a smooth and compact surface. The lobes detached easily to handling. The neoplastic masses as well as the uterus and ovaries were sent for histopathological examination. The diagnosis of the tumor mass was leiomyoma, but the uterus and ovaries did not show signs of the tumor. After the surgeries the animal recovered well. The present study proved that female dogs of advanced age are the main targets of leiomyomas, which have a hormone-dependent behavior, having estrogen deregulation as a major cofactor.