Análise da produção de camarão marinho (Penaeus vannamei) no município de Marcação/litoral norte da Paraíba

Abstract

The state of Paraíba is increasingly growing and entering the shrimp market in the Northeast, made possible primarily by the substantial contribution of small-scale producers who represent a significant portion of the total production. Thisisthe case for the producers in the municipality of Marcação–PB. Until now, no research or data publications quantifying, characterizing, and demonstrating the highly important shrimp production and consequent income generated for the municipality have been conducted. Hence, this work is justified, aiming to provide a survey and analysis of the shrimp production chain in the municipality.Twenty-two properties situated in the five indigenous villages of Potiguara ethnicity in the municipality of Marcação-PB were visited: Tramataia, Camurupim, Caiera, Brejinho, and Coqueirinho. Data was gathered regarding the characterization of the adopted breeding systems, feeding management, physicochemical parameters of water, type of production flow, and zootechnical indices. The collected data was tabulated in Excel spreadsheets to construct tables and graphs used for descriptive analysis. The Principal Component Analysis was conducted using the SAS program (Statistical Analysis System, 2013) to verify the clustering of the studied variables.Shrimp farming in the municipality of Marcação-PB is predominantly characterized by semi-intensive breeding systems with low stocking densities. The majority of production is distributed through intermediaries. This activity stands as one of the primary sources of income, propelling the municipality's economy and influencing employment opportunities, local commerce, the gastronomic culture of the region's bars, restaurants, and other establishments.Similar to any region or cultivation area, the municipality has advantages and disadvantages for the species' cultivation. It's relevant to mention the benefits associated with water quality, climate, water availability in the region, as well as its geography and location—factors directly linked to the success of cultivation and its logistics.