O deslocamento das funções do particípio presente pelo gerúndio: nas traduções da Regra de São Bento para o português arcaico

Abstract

The present work serves to explain the course of the proceedings which resulted in the replacement of Latin present participle by gerund in Portuguese, also demystifying some classifications that indicate the existence of a temporal sense, that actually express a aspectual notion. The replacement of the present participle gerund can be recognized by analyzing different translations of the ecclesiastical text Rule of St. Benedict. For this, we will use as corpus Alcobacense versions 44, 73 Alcobacenses, Alcobacenses231, Lorvão - 32 and the translation of John the Evangelist Enout the Rule of Saint Benedict whose goal is to analyze and illustrate how this process occurred. We can see clearly that in a translation it is used the present participle, while in others it is used the gerund. The notion of incompleteness of the verbal process that the gerund plays in today's Portuguese, was carried out in Latin by the present participle. It is necessary to emphasize that to understand how was this process is fundamental to know Latin aspects (perfectum and infectum). Only through this notion we can understand the idea of finished and unfinished verbal process. This way, this study has important contributions to the study of Romance philology in Brazil (area that is currently poorly studied among Brazilian scholars, but we have had many interesting productions in the last century). This work is also important because it shows that many of the temporal classifications as present participle, past and future, in fact, express the idea of aspect, leading us to understand that, in a certain way, the temporal notion did not completely replace the aspect we can just find some remnants, not very clear, but still exist in Portuguese.