Prevalência de anomalias congênitas no Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley 2020-2021: confiabilidade do Sistema de Informações Sobre Nascidos Vivos como fonte de dado

Abstract

Congenital anomalies are a crucial factor in the health of neonatal patients, accounting for many cases of weaknesses and deaths annually. They can be related to a variety of genetic and environmental factors, with overlapping effects routinely. In order to have control and speed in the identification of new cases, the monitoring of prevalence is a global goal, carried out through various national continuous monitoring services. In the present work, we sought to evaluate the prevalence of congenital malformations in a reference hospital for complex cases during the years 2020 and 2021, and to investigate the reliability of SINASC as a source of information on congenital anomalies. Patients had a total discrepancy of 77% between the information from SINASC and that contained in the medical records. Of the patients identified in the system with the information on congenital anomalies as "ignored" and "blank", they had a prevalence of 18% and 23%, respectively. Considering only patients who were marked in SINASC as carriers of congenital anomalies, the average prevalence was 0.81%, added to those in the "ignored" and "blank" groups, the prevalence is 1.5%. At the end of the work, it was possible to identify SINASC, as a single source of information, that is not very reliable, mainly due to updates in patient records after birth that are not added to the system. In addition, the prevalence found in the study period, considering together the cases not adequately marked in the system, is within the expected range in the literature.