Levantamento de Flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) na nona rural do munícipio de Rio Tinto, Paraíba, Brasil

Abstract

Sand flies belong to the order Diptera, Psychodidae family, have nightly or crepuscular habits, live in places with high humidity and protected, being very sensitive to environmental changes. These insects are transmitters of leishmaniasis, currently considered one of the major public health problems in Brazil, The aim of this study was: (1) to identify the species of sandflies that occurred in the countryside of Rio Tinto in rainy periods during the years 2012 and 2013, (2) compare the abundance and diversity between them, (3) verify that abiotic factors (temperature and humidity) influence its population density. In this survey 60 sand flies were collected using CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) light traps. The total 8,533 individuals belonging to four species were collected: Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia evandroi and Lutzomyia serrano. In the rainy season of 2012 to L. longipalpis species abundance was higher than in the L. serrano. The species L. migonei and L. evandroi showed no differences in abundance for the species L. longipalpis and L. serrano. The abundance of species did not differ among themselves in the rainy season of 2013. The species did not differ significantly between 2012 and 2013. L. longipalpis showed the highest abundance in relation to other species identified for the collection periods. There was a greater abundance in chicken breeding sites, demonstrating the feeding preference of insects for chickens, as compared to other ecotypes (sty and pen). The success for the control of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis directs in the implementation of policies of epidemiological control. In this sense, more detailed and recent studies are necessary to evaluate the current status of these insects in the studied region