Estereótipos de gênero, bullying e comportamentos suicidas : uma análise do ambiente escolar da Educação Física

Abstract

In Brazil, there are stereotypes and expectations established for and about genders based on a binary system. Since we were children, we have experienced gender restrictions, we have realized what we may or may not do based on social regulations. These interdictions culminate in the search to establish specific models of masculinity and femininity, thereby disregarding any other expression. The school, as part of society, acts as an institution (re)producing these stereotypes. Physical Education classes are spaces in which these gender constructions are often evident during activities. Non-heterosexual people who break these stereotypes end up becoming targets of bullying in the educational space. This homophobic bullying is associated with an increase in suicidal behavior in non-heterosexual young people. Therefore, considering this association, the objective of this work is to analyze, based on scientific literature, the relationship between bullying, gender stereotypes in Physical Education classes and suicidal behaviors in non-heterosexual students. This is a bibliographic and documentary research, of a qualitative and exploratory nature, a report of internship experiences was also used. Based on the research results, it was possible to find elements that link bullying in the school environment with various negative impacts on education, learning and employability, physical and mental health. The relationship between gender stereotypes, mental illness and bullying was indicated, pointing out that the negative impacts on the mental health of the victim of homophobic bullying are significant, with anxiety, depression, self-mutilation and suicide acting as a risk factor.