Evidências psicométricas da Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory no contexto paraibano

Abstract

Introduction: the evaluation of perceptions/experiences, through the use of validated instruments, is essential to know how pregnant women see themselves in the face of vaginal delivery, based on the observation that they have minimal acceptance and/or do not believe in their ability to experience natural childbirth. In this context, the use of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, an instrument validated and applied in several countries, with a version recently translated and validated for the Brazilian context, capable of measuring the confidence of pregnant women in their ability to deal with childbirth. Objective: to verify evidence of validity of the Brazilian version of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory in pregnant women in a municipality in Paraíba. In this sense, the thesis is defended that the Brazilian version of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory® has an internal structure and is reliable for measuring the pregnant woman's self-efficacy regarding the childbirth experience in different contexts of the Northeast region. Methodological path: methodological study, of a quantitative nature, carried out with 310 pregnant women in prenatal care, users of Primary Health Care Units in the municipality of Paraíba. The study was carried out in two phases, step 1 was the application of the instrument to assess the self-efficacy of pregnant women in dealing with the childbirth experience and in phase 2, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to propose the reduced version of the instrument. The participants were approached in the waiting rooms of prenatal care at health units. The Childbirth SelfEfficacy Inventory was applied, by self-completion, which consists of 62 items, organized into four domains. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, organized, coded, imported and processed by a statistical package and presented in the form of tables and graphs. The research complied with all ethical standards governed by Resolutions 466/2012, 510/2016 and 564/2017, of the National Health Council. Results: there was a predominance of pregnant women with an age range of 18 to 35 years, self-declared black/brown, medium-complete child, stable marital relationship, family income of less than a minimum wage, who did not plan a pregnancy, were primiparous, had a preference for vaginal delivery and, at least, six prenatal consultations. The main results of the I phase of the study indicate the perception of self-efficacy of pregnant women and is similar for the active period of labor and for the expulsive period. Most of the pregnant women scored above the median, presenting a good perception of self-efficacy. The results obtained from the exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyzes will show a proposed structure for the reduced version of the CBSEI, in line with the researched context. The structure is proposed and composed of 32 items. Conclusions: the evaluation of the psychometric properties showed that the CBSEI supported the characteristics of the original version, forcibly demonstrating two results and its ability to satisfactorily measure the self-efficacy of pregnant women against the childbirth experience. Likewise, we confirm the hypothesis that the Brazilian version of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory® has an internal structure and is reliable for measuring the selfefficacy of pregnant women in the face of childbirth experience in different contexts of the Northeast region. Finally, the study provides researchers, health professionals and local managers with relevant information to subsidize the proposal of more assertive educational strategies in the direction of increasing the self-efficacy of pregnant women in coping with childbirth, as well as the CBSEI in its reduced form to be tested in larger samples. and more diversified, in different regions of Brazil, in order to guarantee that the instrument manages to safely measure self-efficacy.