Estimativa da evapotranspiração em diferentes coberturas da terra usando o algoritmo ASEBAL

Abstract

Evapotranspiration is one of the main variables for studying water balance. The states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte face an increasingly serious problem with regard to the management of water resources, especially in semi-arid areas. Furthermore, a large part of the area of these states is home to the Caatinga biome. This study aims to estimate the real evapotranspiration for the entire area and spatially analyze the main points of critical water loss and their dynamics over the years 2012 to 2021 with the aim of generating data that can assist the management process of this resource. To carry out this estimate, the SEBAL algorithm (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm For Land) was used in an automated way (ASEBAL), spatial data MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and tabular data of atmospheric pressure (mB), relative humidity (%), temperature (ºC), wind speed (m/s) and global radiation (W/m²) available at rain gauge stations. In this way, regions with the highest (Mata Paraibana and East Potiguar) and lowest rates of ET (West Potiguar and Sertão Paraibano) can be identified during this period in the states. In parallel, there was a decrease in areas with the presence of tree-shrub vegetation, which was largely changed to low vegetation, resulting in a direct reduction in ET values.