Botânica na escola: atividades teóricas e práticas para a compreensão da morfologia das angiospermas

Abstract

The teaching of Botany faces implementation challenges due to traditional approaches and a lack of interest from both teachers and students, which results in minimal enthusiasm for this area of biology. Thus, employing teaching strategies that connect theoretical concepts with students' everyday lives is essential to make learning more meaningful and to stimulate student engagement. In this context, the general objective of this study was to investigate pedagogical strategies that contribute to the assimilation of concepts related to angiosperm morphology among second-year high school students. As a method, the study used action research with a qualitative-quantitative approach. The research was conducted with 56 second-year high school students at E.E.E.F.M. Professora Antonia Rangel de Farias, located in João Pessoa, PB. The methodology was organized into six stages: ethical approval, application of a diagnostic questionnaire to assess students' knowledge, implementation of dialogued-expository classes and practical activities, use of active methodologies such as the "Botanical Bingo," creation of a virtual photographic mural, and administration of an evaluative questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis as per Bardin (2011), in which results showed that more than 70% of students consider practical and field classes, games, and workshops as highly interesting; thus, students have a clear preference for activities involving direct interaction with the content. The analysis of the questionnaires, along with the developed activities and applied questionnaires, demonstrated that the students developed a good level of knowledge about angiosperm morphology. Furthermore, after participating in the activities, students showed familiarity with various species of flowers and fruits, reflecting a deeper understanding of botanical characteristics. In summary, this study highlights the importance of integrating theoretical lessons with teaching strategies such as practical classes, games, and technology use to make the teaching-learning process more dynamic and relevant.