A experiência do nada como se revela na angústia e a questão da transcendência no pensamento de Martin Heidegger

Abstract

This is a work that addresses the experience of Nothingness, as revealed in the disposition of anguish, in its connection with the question of transcendence, according to the work of Martin Heidegger. The philosopher's main bibliographical references used are Being and Time, from 1927, the conference What is Metaphysics? from 1929 and the small treatise On the Essence of the Foundation, also from 1929, in addition to the commentators. The research problem is to understand how, in the face of the experience of Nothingness, which reveals itself in anguish, existence awakens to the nullity or lack of foundation of beings, so that existence is called upon to transcend beings in the eagerness to conquer oneself in the face of the domain of impersonality. This time, starting from the assumption that the experience of Nothing passes through existence, we seek to understand the way in which existence transcends the being in the midst of which it finds itself in the direction of the world, in the desire to conquer itself as its own self. . To do so, we start from a methodological approach seeking to understand the way in which the experience of Nothingness reveals itself in existence, through the fundamental disposition of anguish. The conclusion of the work is that, in the escape from anguish, existence in freedom for the act of founding, takes the ground, erects and grounds the entity in totality, in the desire to conquer itself. Heidegger gives this triple movement of grounding in beings, projecting possibilities of being and grounding beings as transcendence, which is the horizon of freedom, that is, its how. Finally, what we were able to notice is that even the founding representation of beings, which characterizes metaphysics, occurs, so to speak, in the desire for existence to conquer itself in the face of the domain of impersonality.