Estudo retrospectivo das neoplasias do sistema reprodutor de animais da espécie canina e felina atendidos no hospital universitário veterinário da UFPB no período de 2022 A 2024

Abstract

In recent years, the lifespan of domestic animals, especially dogs and cats, has significantly increased, both due to advances in veterinary medicine and the greater care that pet owners provide for their animals. However, this fact is almost a primary factor in the diagnosis of neoplasms in small animals. In addition to this, there is the indiscriminate use of contraceptives and the practice of late castrations, when the animal is already affected by the tumor. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a survey of canine and feline species animals diagnosed with neoplasms in the reproductive system treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), in order to understand the incidence of these neoplasms in relation to species, sex, age, histological type, and location in the reproductive tract. For this, medical records from the small animal clinic from 2022 to 2024 were identified, as well as biopsy reports from the histopathology department that presented results compatible with neoplasms located in the reproductive tract of dogs and cats during the same period. The results showed that the majority of animals with reproductive tract neoplasms were from the canine species, females, aged over 7 years. Additionally, the most common female reproductive neoplasm was granulosa cell tumor, along with Leydig cell tumor, which was the most frequent male reproductive neoplasm. Finally, the most affected area in the female reproductive tract was the ovaries, while the testicles were the most affected area in the male reproductive tract. Therefore, it can be concluded that longevity, combined with the indiscriminate use of contraceptives and the negligence of early-life castration, are important factors in the occurrence of neoplasms in the reproductive tract of small animals.