Exérese de tumor maligno da bainha do nervo periférico pediculado na cavidade torácica: relato de caso

Abstract

The malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is a rare and challenging-to-diagnose neoplasm, originating from Schwann cells.This disease affects more animals in the age group of 8 years, with a higher prevalence in large breed dogs.The clinical signs vary according to the location of the neoplasm, with the main findings being muscle atrophy and chronic, progressive lameness, more commonly observed in the thoracic limb.However, the patient may also present neurological signs such as proprioceptive ataxia, hemiparesis, tetraparesis, Horner's syndrome, or asymmetry in the trunk's cutaneous reflex.The diagnosis of this disease is not easy, as it is a condition that does not present pathognomonic signs, having only nonspecific clinical presentations, often reaching the result only after a histopathological examination.The treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is strictly surgical, with the technique employed depending on the tumor's location, always respecting the removal of a safety margin of 3 cm of healthy tissue.The prognosis of this disease ranges from guarded to poor due to the difficulty in diagnosis, location, and aggressiveness of the tumor.Therefore, given the significant impact on the quality of life of animals affected by this pathology, the present work aims to describe the diagnosis and surgical interventions of a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor performed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba in the city of Areia-PB.