Retenção de placenta com prolapso e ruptura urinária em égua: relato de caso

Abstract

The failure to expel fetal membranes within the expected period for the species constitutes a case of retained placenta. It is one of the most frequent complications in the postpartum period of mares and is characterized by the inability to completely expel the fetal membranes within three hours after birth. This situation may be associated with factors such as dystocic delivery, induced labor, previous uterine infections, or management errors. The objective of the present study is to report a case of retained placenta in a mare that was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba. The owner stated that there was an attempt to pull the placenta, which possibly caused a uterine prolapse and consequently a uterine rupture. On gynecological examination, edema and injury of the vulva were observed, along with the presence of retained fetal membranes. On rectal palpation, the uterus was enlarged, containing contents and flaccid. In the vaginoscopy exam, the cervix was open and presented purulent secretion, with areas of mucosal necrosis extending to the vaginal mucosa, consistent with cervicitis and vaginitis. Thus, oxytocin was administered to aid in the expulsion of the fetal membranes. The unfavorable evolution of the case culminated in the death of the animal, emphasizing the importance of a qualified professional in obstetric care to perform maneuvers for the removal of the placenta or the foal in cases of dystocia, since the performance of such procedures by unqualified individuals can result in serious injuries to the animal, potentially leading to maternal, fetal, or both deaths.