Avaliação do impacto de acidentes industriais ampliados na imagem de empresas por meio do valor de suas ações

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Major Industrial Accidents (MIA), focusing on the identification of financial, environmental, and social losses resulting from these events, as well as their impacts on the stock prices of publicly traded companies. MIAs are characterized as large-scale accidents capable of causing significant damage to the environment, industrial facilities, and the health of both workers and surrounding communities, potentially leading to serious consequences, including fatalities. The academic relevance of this research is justified by the scarcity of studies that directly correlate such accidents with fluctuations in the financial market, making it essential to understand how these events affect the perceived value of companies.For the analysis, three major occurrences were selected: the P-36 platform accident in 2001 (Petrobras), the Mariana dam collapse in 2015 (involving Vale and BHP Billiton), and the Brumadinho disaster in 2019 (Vale). Data were obtained from the Wall Street Journal and Yahoo Finance platforms, covering the period from March 2001 to February 2019. The results indicate significant drops in stock prices following the accidents, such as a 20.6% devaluation in Petrobras shares, a 32.2% drop in Vale shares, and a 27.9% decline in BHP Billiton shares, as well as a decrease of over 25% in Vale shares after Brumadinho. These findings highlight the importance of studies on the economic, social, and environmental effects caused by industrial safety failures.