Mobilidade urbana por ônibus em João Pessoa - PB: análise da qualidade dos serviços sob a perspectiva dos usuários

Abstract

Urban mobility corresponds to the flow of people and freight in the urban environment and can be carried out by motorized or non-motorized means. Public transport by bus, in particular, has advantages such as the ability to move more passengers with fewer vehicles and, consequently, generates less congestion and emissions of polluting gases. The disadvantages, on the other hand, are generally associated with poor service management and inefficient urban traffic infrastructure planning in relation to growing population demand. From these perspectives, the main objective of this work is to evaluate the quality and efficiency of the bus system in João Pessoa's urban mobility. To this end, field research was carried out using a questionnaire comprising 12 questions (Appendix A). Three circular bus lines were studied: E155 (Geladinho), 1510 and 2300. An analysis of public transport data collected in 2018 was also carried out. After seven years of this study, there have been changes in the structure and organization of the municipality's fleet. It was observed that there are fewer lines in circulation and, as a result, fewer people being transported, as well as a series of fare adjustments over this period. The evaluation included the variables accessibility, information system, frequency, displacement, fare, comfort, capacity, transport routes, time, operators, safety and sustainability. A total of 409 people took part in the survey and the disapproval rates were quite significant. The variables fare, capacity, time and safety had the highest percentages of disapproval. To reverse this problem, measures such as redesigning the transport system's infrastructure, implementing rapid transit systems such as BRS and BRT and acquiring electric buses are good alternatives to urban mobility by bus for the city of João Pessoa.