Estratégia de redução das emissões de carbono em uma fábrica de móveis: uma análise das principais fontes de emissão

Abstract

Climate change is being highlighted by the profound impacts that are occurring around the world, such as global warming, rising sea levels and human vulnerability. In response to this, the United Nations established the Paris Agreement, which represents a global commitment to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The aim of this study was to propose strategies for reducing carbon emissions from a furniture factory located in Santa Rita/PB. To do this, it was necessary to map the factory's sources of GHG emissions, calculate the quantities emitted and analyze them, identifying the main sources based on criteria such as the type of gas emitted and whether it is of fossil or biogenic origin. The methodology provided in the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Guidelines for National Greenhouses Gas Inventories was used, using data obtained from the factory's activities based on the year 2023. It was identified that the main sources of emissions are the burning of MDF derivatives, the consumption of fossil fuels such as diesel and LPG, and the consumption of electricity. The proposed emission reduction strategies were divided into short and medium/long term. The short-term strategies include expanding the factory's existing photovoltaic energy system and composting MDF by-products and other organic waste, and together they are capable of reducing 64% of the factory's carbon emissions. The medium and long-term projects involve the installation of a biodigester, which as well as reducing waste emissions, generates biogas, which can replace LPG as cooking gas. In addition, it is proposed to update the fleet when electric truck technology becomes available on the market. By combining medium/long-term and short-term strategies, it is possible to reduce the plant's emissions by 77%, which is a significant contribution to mitigating climate change.