Efeito dos incentivos fiscais na inovação empresarial e na financeirização corporativa : evidências da Lei de Informática

Abstract

The study analyzes the effect of tax incentives for Research, Development, and Innovation (R&D&I) in the Brazilian context, particularly on corporate financialization and investment in R&D&I, with a focus on the Informatics Law. The main objective of the research is to assess how tax incentives influence investments in R&D&I and corporate financialization. To achieve this goal, a quantitative approach was adopted, using statistical analysis of accounting data from companies benefiting from the incentives. The difference-in-differences (DiD) econometric model was employed to identify causal relationships between tax incentives, corporate financialization, and R&D&I investment. The results indicate that, although tax incentives reduce the financial constraints faced by companies, part of the resources is allocated to financial asset investments, increasing corporate financialization. This phenomenon can create a crowding-out effect, reducing the effectiveness of incentives in promoting R&D&I. However, tax incentives continue to play a strategic role in business and technological development, especially in emerging economies like Brazil. The study's relevance lies in its contribution to the formulation of more effective public policies, considering the central role of tax incentives in strengthening strategic sectors, such as information and communication technology (ICT). By exploring the impact of these incentives on the corporate environment, the study provides evidence of the effectiveness of these policies in maximizing their positive effects and fostering sustainable economic growth. The research's impact can be observed both in academia and in practice, providing support for government decision-making regarding the allocation of public resources and the improvement of innovation incentive policies. Furthermore, by highlighting the limitations of tax incentives in directly promoting R&D&I investments, the study underscores the importance of a robust institutional environment that ensures the efficient use of these resources and drives technological advancement.