Do estigma à solução: a política industrial do governo Biden frente à disputa tecnológica China-EUA

Abstract

Faced with the technological dispute with China and the economic, productive and social crisis on the domestic scene, former US President Joe Biden implemented a broad industrial policy strategy in his first two years in office, known as the Build Back Better agenda. This action was implemented in three laws: the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the CHIPS and Science Act. This article seeks to highlight how this strategy represents an event within a larger pattern of use of industrial policy instruments by the United States since the country's origins. The rise of Chinese technology and the failure of American social welfare, materialized by the increase in social inequality and the reduction in the number of quality jobs, are elements considered to interpret the formation of Biden's industrial policy agenda, which is exposed in terms of its form and content. Using a qualitative methodology of literature review and analysis of documents on industrial policy, we seek to infer that the formulation of the Build Back Better agenda was influenced by the national dimension, and that, through it, the Biden administration sought to reorient the technological dispute with China towards the domestic scenario of the United States.