A paradiplomacia brasileira e os impactos dos determinantes locais: um estudo comparado

Abstract

With the growth of paradiplomacy as a research area in Brazil and worldwide, comparative analysis between different levels of government and their internationalization processes has become an important area of study. This research seeks to answer the following questions in particular: do cities and states use the same strategy of decentralized international action? What are the differences and similarities found when analyzing the paradiplomatic institutional apparatus of each level of government? Therefore, the work seeks to conduct a comparative study of Brazilian paradiplomacy, with the objective of understanding the reality of the internationalization of Brazilian cities and states, using as a reference some local determinants (economic, political and geographic). This monograph is the result of a scientific initiation project and was based on two previous scientific initiation projects (SI), which analyzed the international performance of Brazilian states from 2015 to 2020 and mapped the international activity of selected municipalities from 2017 to 2020. These studies were the database used to compare Brazilian subnational entities. The comparative analysis between levels of government occurred in the third SI project, on which this monograph is based. Three indicators were considered to carry out the comparative analysis: (1) institutional dimension, (2) causes and motivations, and (3) problems and obstacles. Based on these, it was possible to analyze the impact of local determinants - politics, economy, and geography - on the international performance of cities and states. In conclusion, the comparative analysis showed that the local determinants analyzed affect and interfere in the international relations of states and municipalities in different ways, which indicates the heterogeneous and multifaceted nature of the international performance of the different Brazilian subnational entities.