Atributos do solo sob diferentes condições de uso no Centro-Norte de Rondônia

Abstract

The replacement of forested areas for agricultural purposes without due technical criteria is undoubtedly one of the main problems in the Amazon region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different soil use and management conditions (pasture, guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivation, agroforestry systems (AFSs) and forest) on physical and chemical attributes in the central-northern region of Rondônia, using detailed statistical tools, such as multivariate analysis and geostatistics, to identify impacts, correlations and spatial patterns. This work was developed at the Instituto Federal de Rondônia - Campus Ariquemes. A sampling grid was established in each land use system, where disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected at intersections, at depths of 0.0 - 0.10 m and 0.10 - 0.20 m. These samples were subjected to physical and chemical soil analyses. The results were subjected to univariate, bivariate, multivariate and geostatistical analyses. In addition, NDVI of the areas was performed for subsequent correlation with soil attributes. The analyses showed that soil attributes varied significantly between the environments studied. Through multivariate analysis, with emphasis on the principal components and factor analysis, it was possible to observe the distinction of the forest environment from the other environments. Through geostatistics, it was observed that the forest presented greater spatial variability and more complex management zones, while the pasture and guava cultivation environment were more homogeneous.