Análise de microrrede monofásica com unidade PV/BESS sob condições de corte de geração

Abstract

Microgrids are emerging as an alternative path with the potential to meet the challenges faced by the electricity system. For this type of system, the combination of renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) offers greater flexibility and efficiency, while reducing transmission losses and improving the reliability of the main grid. To achieve this, generation units with these characteristics must operate with fast and controllable responses, mitigating voltage and frequency oscillations for AC loads and voltage fluctuations for DC loads. The main objective is to analyze how the control system can guarantee the stability of the microgrid, even when the BESS reaches its operational limits. The methodology adopted involved modeling and simulating a single-phase microgrid on the Matlab/Simulink platform, with variations in electrical load and irradiance. The strategy applied was based on control loops to adjust PV generation, with a focus on maintaining system stability. Different operating scenarios were simulated and the results obtained indicate the efficiency of the microgrid controls in maintaining stability, even under extreme variations in load and generation. In the scenarios in which the BESS reached its operational limits, the control was able to effectively cut generation. In addition, voltage and frequency control was maintained at optimum levels, ensuring a balance between demand and power generation. Therefore, the study provides an important analysis for the implementation of microgrids, especially in scenarios of variability in generation parameters and load demand, recurrent in installations with RES, as well as serving as a basis for future research related to renewable energies and storage systems.