Cálculo do índice de erosividade da chuva para a Paraíba

Abstract

The study of erosion processes is of fundamental importance for understanding the dynamics of mass movements, planning of infrastructure works, land occupation policies and agriculture. Considering the problems caused by water erosion processes, the quantification of soil losses has great relevance in the academic and technical areas. For this, several models to estimate soil losses were developed and improved. Among these models, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its revised version (RUSLE) that use factors related to rainfall and soil characteristics with local values to quantify soil erosion. In this course completion work (TCC) the rainfall erosivity index will be calculated, which corresponds to the R factor of the USLE universal equation, for the entire territory of Paraíba from the sub-hourly rainfall data provided by the National Center for Monitoring and Natural Disaster Alerts (CEMADEN) in the period from 2014 to 2021. The results obtained by applying the method are local and, to cover the entire state territory, an interpolation was performed using geographic information system software for geoprocessing, which provided the construction of illustrative maps and a subsequent classification of the indexes calculated for the mesoregions of Paraíba. Erosivity values were calculated for the stations in Paraíba and, with the specialized data, it was possible to identify critical regions of erodibility. These results can be used to minimize soil loss rates.