Avaliação hematológica e bioquímica sérica de cadelas e gatas com distocia atendidas no hospital veterinário - Areia/PB

Abstract

Dystocia is characterized by difficulty in delivery due to maternal, fetal, or both disorders. Despite advances in the field of small animal obstetrics, there is little literature addressing whether there are changes in the blood count and biochemistry of dogs and cats with dystocia and fetal death. These analyses may assist in the early identification of changes in the body, such as electrolyte imbalances, inflammatory processes, and metabolic overload, which may be of great help in the early diagnosis of dystocia with fetal death, increasing the chances of fetal survival. Thus, this study aims to analyze the results of blood counts and serum biochemistry in female small animals with dystocia, as well as to verify the possible relationship between dystocia, fetal vitality, and changes in these hematological and biochemical parameters. This study used data from the medical records of 22 animals, including 10 dogs and 12 cats diagnosed with dystocia. The results indicated that the hematological profile showed changes compatible with the gestational period, such as the presence of anemia in most canine patients, but absent in felines. Thrombocytopenia was present in all bitches with dead fetuses, which may indicate a marker for fetal death in this species. In the biochemical evaluation, elevated ALT enzyme levels in some pregnant females with dead fetuses and decreased levels in females with live fetuses may be an indicator of fetal viability. The GGT enzyme was elevated in cats with live fetuses, which may also be interesting to investigate as an indicator of fetal viability. However, it is very important that further studies be conducted to evaluate these hematimetric and serum biochemical parameters so that this assumption can be better proven.