Implementação do modelo experimental de rinite alérgica crônica no laboratório de imunofarmacologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucosa in the nasal cavity that pathologically promotes the development of symptoms such as sneezing, pruritus, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and / or associated loss of smell and taste developed leading to loss of quality of life of the individual. Allergic rhinitis affects about 20% of the world population and studies have also been developed for its correlation with other allergic diseases such as asthma. The worldwide relevance of the disease and the alert to scientific research groups exposes the need for experimental protocols for preclinical studies. The objective of this work was to implement an experimental protocol of chronic allergic rhinitis in the studies of potential drugs with antiallergic activities in the Laboratory of Immunopharmacology. For this, female BALB / c mice were used for the development of the model: on days 0 and 7 mice were sensitized with 100 μL / 10g (ip) of a suspension containing 50 μg / mL OVA and 10 mg / mL Al (OH ) 3 in saline solution. On days 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29 and 30 doses of 0.50 μg of OVA in 20 μl of saline were administered intranasally (i.n.). An interval of 15 days was given and on days 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and 55 of the protocol the animals were treated with the standard drug dexamethasone. The animals were divided into the following groups (n = 5): negative control (basal), positive control (ovalbumin) and dexamethasone 2 mg / kg (i.n.) 1 hour before challenge. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM and treated in GraphPad Prisma software version 5.0. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test. The results showed that animals sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin developed chronic allergic rhinitis as evidenced by the intense migration of inflammatory cells into the nasal cavity, specific IgE-OVA production and inflammatory-allergic tissue changes such as mast cells and mucus enlargement . Dexamethasone presented an immunomodulatory effect reversing the allergic process as evidenced in the evaluated parameters. We conclude that the experimental model of chronic allergic rhinitis was implemented in the aforementioned laboratory, being able to perform preclinical analyzes of natural and synthetic products.