O muralismo mexicano: identidade e experiência nas aulas de artes

Abstract

This dissertation aims to consider Mexican muralism as an object of analysis in art education. To this end, it discusses issues such as identity and experience in education, using the thoughts of Stuart Hall, John Dewey and Paulo Freire as references. It develops a history of murals over time and of the Mexican muralist movement. It proposes a didactic sequence for 9th grade students, with the analysis of the fresco History of Mexico from the Conquest to 1930, which makes up the Epic of the Mexican People (1929-1935) by Diego Rivera, which was developed following the principles of Ana Mae Barbosa's triangular approach. Based on the question “can Mexican muralism help Brazilian students think about the history of their own country?”, activities involving iconographic analysis, audiovisual analysis of music videos and reinterpretation of Diego Rivera’s mural were developed with the aim of considering how much this teaching practice is capable of promoting the discussion of political and cultural issues and establishing possible relationships with contemporary themes, in addition to discussing how much the artist remained connected to an idea of national identity typical of 19th century modernity that was linked to the intentions of the national State. The results point to a validation of the proposed question.