Caracterização físico-quimíca do bio-óleo obtido da pirólise do lodo da estação de tratamento de esgoto

Abstract

The Sewage sludge generated in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) represents a significant environmental challenge. Pyrolysis emerges as a promising alternative for converting this waste into bio-oil, with energetic potential and industrial applications. This study aimed to evaluate the technical and environmental feasibility of bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of sludge generated in WWTPs in Paraíba, Brazil, as a sustainable energy source and industrial raw material. To this end, bio-oil samples obtained from the pyrolysis of sludge from the WWTPs of João Pessoa and Campina Grande, as well as a mixture of both, were analyzed through physicochemical characterizations, thermal stability, and higher heating value (HHV). In addition, a bibliometric and systematic review was conducted to map the scientific production on the subject and identify knowledge gaps. The results showed that the samples exhibit characteristics compatible with liquid fuels, with HHV ranging from 40.09 to 41.50 MJ/kg. Infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of phenolic compounds and hydrocarbons, contributing to the energy performance. Thermal analyses indicated stability and good performance under different atmospheres. It is concluded that sludge pyrolysis from WWTPs is a viable alternative for energy recovery, contributing to sustainability and environmental management.