Análise in-silico da regulação gênica pelo exercício físico sobre as vias moleculares ligadas à doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Physical exercise has been an important non-pharmacological treatment for chronic non-communicable diseases, such as Parkinson's Disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the central nervous system and whose incidence is increasing. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze gene regulation of molecular pathways linked to Parkinson's Disease through physical exercise, aiming to provide evidence supporting the practice of exercise as a non-pharmacological treatment and to generate subsidies for the development of biomarkers. The methodology employed was based on the FITNOME Catalog and through an analysis of bioinformatics platforms such as SportsXbiodata, WebGestalt, KEGG, STRING, miRWalk, and Cytoscape for filtering and integration, enrichment, mapping, protein interactions, microRNA interactions, and network visualizations of the interactions. Thus, the results of this work demonstrate the regulation of all genes associated with this disease through physical exercise, indicating an adaptive modulation of these genes induced by physical exercise. This modulation results in the regulation of biological processes mainly related to mitochondrial autophagy, in addition to promoting metabolic and molecular adjustments in cells. Interactions between proteins were shown to be highly branched, revealing a large cascade effect. Furthermore, interactions between microRNAs and genes highlighted central hubs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Finally, in conclusion, physical exercise appears to be a promising non-pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's Disease, as shown by all the analysis performed; physical exercise acts as an adaptive regulator of Parkinson's genes. Thus, this work clarifies and opens new avenues for research on the regulation of Parkinson's Disease through physical exercise, indicating a relevant mechanism with possible overall metabolic improvement of the genes and proteins involved in the regulatory processes of this disease.