Emprego público temporário, vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e resultados eleitorais: uma análise do município de Pitimbu - PB (2020-2026*)

Abstract

This article analyzes the evolution of temporary hiring in the municipal administration of Pitimbu, in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, between 2020 and 2026, investigating possible patterns associated with the political-electoral cycle in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability. The study draws on political science literature on political budget cycles and classical discussions about the relationship between administrative structures and political dynamics in Brazilian municipalities. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative descriptive case study approach, using administrative data extracted from the SAGRES system of the Court of Accounts of the State of Paraíba, referring to personnel records of the municipal government. The analysis of the time series reveals a significant increase in temporary hiring after the 2020 electoral process, with another increase observed during the 2024 municipal election year and additional expansion in the period immediately following the reelection of the mayor in 2025. The results indicate that temporary contracts represent a substantial share of the municipal administrative structure throughout the analyzed period. In a context characterized by a restricted private labor market and high socioeconomic vulnerability, public employment plays an important role in the local economic structure, which may increase the social visibility of administrative decisions related to hiring personnel. Although the study does not establish a direct causal relationship between hiring practices and electoral outcomes, the observed patterns are consistent with interpretations found in the literature on political-electoral cycles in municipal contexts.