Treinamento resistido com restrição parcial do fluxo sanguíneo como estratégia terapêutica: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Resistance training has the main characteristic of overcoming a given resistance offered by equipment, material or even the weight of the body itself, also known as weight training or resistance exercise. The vascular occlusion method consists of preventing the natural blood flow in a specific muscle region to be worked, with the intention of potentiating the gain of muscle mass and strength. In view of this, there was an interest in investigating the current literature on resistance exercise associated with partial restriction of blood flow in the gain of muscle strength and volume as a physical training protocol in patients with different conditions or diseases. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the period between September and October 2020 and among the inclusion criteria for the choice of articles, complete articles were considered, in the period of the last five years (2015-2020), in Portuguese and English, using the following databases: VHL (Virtual Health Library), Pubmed and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library On Line). To this end, it was decided to use the following descriptors: vascular occlusion, resistance training, and exercise; with the Boolean searcher AND. The results of the four studies found in this review indicate that resistance training with partial blood flow restriction seems to be an effective alternative for strength gain, increased muscle mass in people who have different clinical conditions, improvement in hemodynamic and inflammatory parameters in patients with different musculoskeletal disorders or chronic non-communicable diseases. The resistance training method with partial blood flow restriction has shown greater benefits for patients with more joint pain, while healthy patients also show changes when using vascular occlusion associated with resistance exercise.