O efeito do treinamento resistido dinâmico na pressão arterial de indivíduos hipertensos: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Arterial hypertension (AH) is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders and other diseases. An individual is classified as hypertensive when their blood pressure values are consistently elevated at ≥ 130 and/or 80 mmHg, systolic and diastolic, respectively. Although there are various treatment options for AH, physical exercise has gained prominence as one of the main intervention strategies. Among the various exercise models, there is growing interest in the use of dynamic resistance training (DRT) in clinical practice and scientific research, aimed at managing hypertension. In light of this increasing interest, the objective of this study was to review the scientific literature on the effects of dynamic resistance training on the blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive individuals. To achieve this, a narrative review was conducted, with searches in three databases (Pubmed, Lilacs, and Scielo). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles remained for full reading, from which data extraction was performed. All articles included in the review demonstrated reductions in BP among hypertensives following DRT intervention, with over 81% showing statistical significance. As a secondary analysis, we also observed that several studies reported reductions in body fat, body mass index, serum triglyceride levels, improvements in waist-to-hip ratio, as well as enhancements in endothelial health and cardiac efficiency—relevant conditions that should be monitored in hypertensive patients. It can be concluded that hypertensives seeking to benefit from the management of the mentioned conditions - especially blood pressure - should incorporate DRT into their routine.